Poultry farming in Kenya is one of the fastest-growing agribusiness ventures. With increasing demand for eggs and chicken meat, many farmers are now tapping into this profitable industry.
Whether you’re raising layers for eggs or broilers for meat, poultry farming can provide a steady income with proper planning and care. Even small-scale farmers can start with a few birds and gradually expand their operations.
The good news is that Kenya has a wide market, affordable resources, and suitable climates for poultry production. If done right, poultry farming in Kenya can give you both financial stability and food security.
Proven Ways to Succeed in Poultry Farming in Kenya
Poultry farming in Kenya involves raising domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys, geese, guinea fowls, and quails. Chicken farming, in particular, is the most common.
To succeed, a farmer must choose the right type of poultry, provide the right environment, and manage them well.
Common Poultry Types in Kenya
Chicken
Chickens are the most widely reared poultry birds in Kenya. Farmers can choose from three main categories:
- Broilers: These are raised for meat. Common breeds include Kenchic broilers, Hypeco, Arbo Acres, and Hybro. They grow fast and are ready for market within six to seven weeks.
- Layers: These are kept for egg production. Popular breeds include Kenchic layers, Isa Brown, Shaver Star Cross, and Ross breeds. They begin laying eggs at about 18 to 20 weeks and can produce eggs for more than a year.
- Kienyeji Chicken: These are traditional breeds. They grow slower but are hardy and cost less to maintain. Improved varieties such as Kuroilers, Sasso, Kenbro, and KARI Improved are becoming more popular due to better meat and egg production.
Ducks, Turkeys, Geese, Guinea Fowls, and Quails
While not as common as chicken, these birds are gaining popularity. Ducks like the Egyptian and Ruddy Shelducks are reared for both eggs and meat. Turkeys such as the Bourbon Red and Broad-Breasted White are also good for meat. Quails and guinea fowls are smaller but have high-value markets.
Housing and Equipment You Need
Housing is a key part of poultry farming in Kenya. Birds need shelter from the sun, rain, and predators.
Your poultry house should have:
- Good ventilation
- Enough light
- Proper spacing to avoid overcrowding
The equipment needed includes:
- Feeding and watering containers
- Chicken guards and perches
- Foggers to cool the air
- Laying boxes for egg-laying birds
- Brooding hovers for chicks
Each piece of equipment helps improve the comfort and health of your birds. Clean them regularly to avoid disease.
Best Poultry Farming Methods in Kenya
Choosing the right poultry system will affect your results. Here are the most common methods:
- Free Range System
This is a traditional system where chickens roam freely to search for food and water. It is cheap but has a high risk of disease and predators.
- Deep Litter System
Birds are kept inside a house with a thick layer of litter material like wood shavings. This system allows movement, keeps birds warm, and makes it easy to collect manure.
- Battery System
Each bird is kept in its own cage with food and water provided. This system is good for layers and makes egg collection easier, but it needs high initial investment.
- Use of Folds
Birds are placed in small portable houses (folds) covered in wire mesh. They can graze on grass during the day and be moved regularly. It is a middle ground between free range and deep litter.
Choose the method that fits your land size, budget, and farming goals.
Facing Challenges and Finding Market Opportunities
Poultry farming in Kenya is rewarding but comes with its share of challenges. The good news is, these problems can be solved with good management.
Common Challenges
- Disease Outbreaks: Chicken flu and other infections can wipe out an entire flock. Always vaccinate your birds and maintain clean housing.
- High Feed Costs: Commercial feeds are expensive. Some farmers reduce costs by making their own feed from local ingredients like maize bran, sunflower cake, and fish meal.
- Lack of Knowledge: Many beginners jump in without learning first. Attend training, talk to experienced farmers, and work with veterinarians to boost your success.
Ready Markets for Poultry Products
The demand for eggs and meat in Kenya is strong and growing.
You can sell your products to:
- Local markets and butcheries
- Supermarkets and restaurants
- Hotels and schools
- Direct consumers in your neighborhood
To earn more, farmers can add value by packaging eggs, supplying live birds, or even starting their own meat shop.
