This archive report was first published on 21 December 2019.
India's contentious citizenship law has sparked widespread protests across the country, with thousands of people taking to the streets on Saturday.
At least 21 people have been killed in the unrest, which began this month, with the latest deaths reported in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
On Friday, demonstrations turned violent in Uttar Pradesh, leaving at least 11 people dead, including an eight-year-old boy who was trampled.
Another protester died on Saturday after clashes in Rampur, also in Uttar Pradesh, as police used tear gas and batons against a stone-pelting crowd.
The citizenship law, which was passed by parliament on December 11, 2019, gives people from persecuted minorities from three neighboring countries an easier path to citizenship - but not if they are Muslim.
Critics say the law discriminates against Muslims and is part of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu-nationalist agenda, a claim his political party has denied.
Authorities have scrambled to contain the situation, imposing emergency laws, blocking internet access, and shutting down shops in sensitive areas across the country.
Protests were held on Saturday in numerous states, including in the cities of Chennai, Gurgaon, and Guwahati.
As day broke in the capital New Delhi, demonstrators held up their mobile phones as torches at India's biggest mosque Jama Masjid in a show of dissent.
"We came out to fight for our motherland, we came to fight without any arms and ammunition, we will fight peacefully," said Lily Dutta, a participant at an all-women protest in Assam state's Guwahati city.
Since being re-elected this year, Modi and his Bharatiya Janata Party have stripped Muslim-majority Kashmir of its autonomy and carried out a register of citizens in Assam.
The BJP has said it wants to conduct the National Register of Citizens (NRC) nationwide, fuelling fears Muslims - a 200-million minority in India - were being disenfranchised.
BJP's general secretary Bhupender Yadav told reporters on Saturday that the party would "launch an awareness campaign" and hold 1,000 rallies to dispel "lies" about the law.
