Kenya's devolution system, established through the 2010 Constitution, marked a pivotal shift in governance following the 2013 general elections. This decentralized model aimed to redistribute power and resources across 47 counties, with the national government initially allocating 15% of the budget to local authorities.
President Uhuru Kenyatta emphasized that his administration doubled this allocation to 32% in the early years, arguing that adequate funding was essential for effective devolution. 'Devolution of functions without funding is an exercise in futility,' he stated, highlighting the government's efforts to transfer skilled civil servants to county governments to accelerate implementation.
The transfer of administrative responsibilities, completed in one year instead of the constitutionally mandated three, enabled counties to establish public services rapidly. Kenyatta noted that this initiative laid a foundation for economic growth, citing examples like industrial projects in Kitui and Makueni counties that boosted local economies.
Despite progress, challenges remain. Counties continue to rely heavily on national funding, with allocations declining annually since 2013. The National Treasury disbursed Ksh286 billion in equitable share payments this financial year, with Ksh85 billion pending. Kenyatta acknowledged the need for improved intergovernmental coordination to ensure equitable resource distribution and accountability.
At a 2016 governors' summit, Kenyatta emphasized devolution's role in fostering national unity and equitable development. 'The equitable distribution of resources is central to sustainable peace,' he said, while acknowledging that the system remains a work in progress requiring stronger collaboration between national and county governments.
