This archive report was first published on 12 July 2020.
By July 2020, the new coronavirus that causes Covid-19 had spread to almost every corner of the globe, infecting over 12 million people and claiming more than 545,000 lives worldwide.
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Covid-19 a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), prompting a global response to contain the spread of the virus.
Scientists have been working tirelessly to develop a vaccine, with over 140 candidates in various stages of pre-clinical trial phases. These initiatives are led by leading scientists from the academic sector, private pharmaceutical firms, and small biotech companies.
A vaccine trains the immune system to recognize and attack the virus, providing herd immunity and protecting both the individual and the community.
Developing a vaccine is a costly and time-consuming process, with less than 10% of experimental vaccines ever becoming commercial products. It can take 10-20 years to complete the clinical trial stages, and regulatory review and approvals can take two years.
Despite the challenges, scientists remain optimistic that a vaccine will be available soon. In the meantime, it is essential to follow safety guidelines, including social distancing, contact tracing, self-isolation, and adhering to expert advice.
As Professor Michael Kiptoo, CEO of the Kenya Medical Training College, notes, 'Until there's treatment or vaccine for Covid-19, follow safety rules.'
