This archive report was first published on 10 July 2020.
With the global macadamia market opening up, Kenyan farmers are looking to increase their yields. However, one of the major challenges they face is breakage of tree stems, which can be caused by heavy downpours or strong winds.
Macadamia trees are evergreen and can grow up to 20 meters tall, making them a suitable crop for various ecological conditions. However, farmers must select the right variety that is well-adapted to their local conditions.
According to agricultural experts, grafted varieties of macadamia trees start producing fruits within three to four years of planting, making them a better option for farmers who want to see quick results.
Macadamia farming is considered less labor-intensive compared to other crops like coffee or tea. The crop can be propagated through either vegetative materials or seeds, and it requires deep, well-drained soils and adequate rainfall to thrive.
Good access to sunlight is essential for the production of healthy nuts, and farmers should ensure that their trees are not congested to allow for proper growth.
Pruning is also an essential practice in macadamia farming, and it should be done during the early stages of growth, before flowering and after harvesting. This helps to maintain a good structure of the tree and increase yields.
Other factors that can affect macadamia yields include mechanical damages, inadequate nutrient uptake, pest and disease infestation, and poor pollination. Farmers can manage these challenges by ensuring that their trees receive adequate nutrients and water, maintaining high levels of farm hygiene, and avoiding the use of chemicals during the flowering stage.
