On 1 March 1975, three bombs exploded at the OTC bus stop in Nairobi, killing 27 and injuring 100. No group claimed responsibility, and police did not speculate on the bombers' identities or motives.
The Fairmont Norfolk Hotel in Nairobi was bombed on 31 December 1980, killing 20 and injuring 80. The attack was attributed to Quddura Mohammad Abd-el-Hamid, a terrorist who traveled under the name Muradi Alkali with a Maltese passport.
The U.S. embassy in Kenya was bombed on 7 August 1998, killing 212 and wounding over 4,500. Al Qaeda claimed responsibility, and more than 20 individuals were indicted in the U.S. for the attacks.
An Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa was bombed on 22 November 2002, killing 15. Kenya police identified three suicide bombers, while the Army of Palestine claimed responsibility.
In August 2007 and 2008, the Ugandan army bombed Turkana pastoralists in Koten, killing over 5,000. The attacks were linked to cross-border raids by Al-Shabaab.
On 21 October 2010, 30 people died in clashes between Al-Shabaab and a pro-government Somali militia along the Kenya-Somali border.
Kenya deployed troops into Somalia in October 2011 following cross-border raids by Al-Shabaab. The group later claimed responsibility for attacks in Kenya.
On 28 October 2011, Elgiva Bwire Oliacha, a Kenyan-born Al-Shabaab member, pleaded guilty to a grenade attack in Nairobi that killed one and injured 20.
Four grenades detonated at Machakos bus station on 10 March 2012, killing six and wounding 60. Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility.
A bomb blast on 18 November 2012 killed seven and injured 33 on a Nairobi matatu. The attack was attributed to Al-Shabaab.
The Westgate Shopping Mall attack on 21 September 2013 killed 68 and injured over 150. Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for the four-day siege.
On 23 November 2013, Al-Shabaab militants killed 28 on a bus in Mandera County, targeting non-Muslim passengers. The group claimed retaliation for Kenyan security actions.
Over 60 people died in attacks near Mpeketoni in June 2014. Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility, though the Kenyan president attributed the attacks to local politicians.
Al-Shabaab killed 21 in a 2014 attack on a Hindu village in Lamu county. The group claimed responsibility for the massacre.
In August 2017, police killed Hussein Said Omar, a suspect linked to the 2014 Mpeketoni massacre, during a shootout.
On 21 November 2014, 28 people died in a Mandera County bus attack. Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for the killings of 36 non-local Kenyans in a quarry near Koromei.
The 2015 Garissa University attack by Al-Shabaab killed 148, including 142 students. The group claimed the attack as retaliation for Kenyan military actions.
Al-Shabaab attacked Mandera town on 7 July 2015, killing 14 and targeting Christians. The group cited vengeance for Muslim deaths in Somalia and Kenya.
On 25 October 2016, 12 people died in an attack on Boshari Guest house. Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility, targeting Christians.
In November 2017, Al-Shabaab ambushed police vehicles in Daba City, killing 12. The group continued attacks in Mandera County, including an IED explosion on 13 August 2017.
On 25 September 2018, Al-Shabaab claimed to have overrun a Kenyan military base in Lamu County, killing 10 soldiers. Kenyan forces reported killing 10 militants in the clash.
The 2019 DusitD2 hotel attack in Nairobi killed 21. On 26 February 2019, the Director of Public Prosecutions accused Diamond Trust Bank of facilitating terror financing.
